SDH and DWDM Engineering for Metro and Long-Haul
Course Overview
This course provides participants with a basic to in-depth understanding of optical networking, with a focus on DWDM, OTN, and Layer 2 technologies, which are progressively supplanting traditional SDH/SONET systems.
Beginning with the fundamentals of optical fiber and various transmission media, the course delves into a thorough examination of the installation and design aspects of optical networks. Participants will gain an in-depth understanding of DWDM networking, exploring its core components and technologies.
The course will also include an analysis of OTN and other relevant technologies, as well as planning and operational considerations to equip participants with the skills needed to design, optimize, troubleshoot, and manage optical networks effectively.
Target Audience
This course is designed for fiber core supervisors, planners, technicians and professionals, strategic and technical telecommunications managers, consultants, IT professionals, systems engineers, software engineers, marketing and sales personnel plus other telecommunications workers who plan on using, evaluating or working on DWDM and optical networking in metro and long haul scenarios.
Duration & Training Format
- Classroom: 5 days
- LIVE Virtual: 35 hours
- A minimum of 8 or more participants is required for a Classroom session to commence.
- A minimum of 6 or more participants is required for a LIVE Virtual session to commence.
- LIVE Virtual courses can be conducted for 5 hours or 7 hours daily. Please note that the number of training days will be extended if you opt for 5 hours daily.
Upcoming Course Dates
There are no upcoming course dates currently scheduled for this course. If you are keen on attending this course, please register your interest and indicate your preferred training dates via our course enquiry form for us to open a Classroom/LIVE Virtual class schedule for this course.
Course Objectives
After completing this course, participants will be able to:
- Understand the fundamentals of optical transport, including the basic principles and concepts underlying optical communication systems
- Identify and analyze major optical fiber technologies, gaining insights into different types of optical fibers and their applications in metro and long-haul networks
- Understand the legacy technologies like SDH/SONET, and how/why they evolved to modern technologies like OTN, Carrier Ethernet, MPLS-TP, etc.
- Understand DWDM and related technologies, including the principles of wavelength multiplexing, optical amplification, and dispersion compensation
- Be proficient in DWDM network design and performance optimization
- Troubleshoot and rectify faults within DWDM networks
- Analyze and work with traffic matrix data, understand and manage the flow of data through optical networks efficiently
Course Outline
- Transmission Media
- Wired vs Wireless Media
- Multiplexing: TDM vs FDM
- Terrestrial vs Subsea Cables
- Construction of Optical Fiber Cable
- Voice Sampling and Pulse Code Modulation
- Basic Data Rates: E1/T1/E3/T3
- Optical Fiber Basics
- Optical Communication Model
- Optical Spectrum
- Typical Wavelengths
- Fiber Types and Standards
- Multimode vs Singlemode Fiber
- Fiber Geometry Mismatches
- Power Budget Calculations
- Optical Fiber Splicing
- ITU Standards for Optical Fiber
- Planning and Installation of Optical Fiber Cable
- Planning Steps
- Basic Inputs (Site selection, Number of Fibers, Section Lengths, Physical Topology, Traffic, Demand, Amplifiers, Regenerators, etc.)
- Optical Network Parameters (Bandwidth Demand Matrix (E1, E3, STMx, FE, ESCON, etc.)
- Line Side Capacity (STM-16/64/256)
- Protection Technique (MSP, SNCP, etc.)
- Synchronization
- Splice Closures and Splice Trays
- Optical Fiber Deployment
- SDH Fundamentals
- Multiplexing Hierarchy
- PDH Data Rates
- PDH Multiplexing
- SDH Advantages
- SDH Frame Structure
- SDH Topologies and Configuration
- From E1/F3/F4 to STM-1
- SDH Basic Rates: STM-1/4/16/64/256
- ITU Standards for SDH
- Protection Mechanisms
- Overhead Bytes
- SDH Synchronization and Timing
- SDH vs SONET
- Ethernet over SDH (EoSDH)
- IEEE 802.3 Standard
- Evolution of Ethernet
- 10/100/1000 Base-T, 100/1000 Base F
- VCAT and LCAS
- TDM to Packet Migrations
- MPLS-TP and Other Successors of SDH
- SDH Operations
- DWDM Fundamentals
- Benefits of DWDM
- CWDM vs DWDM
- ITU Wavelength Grid
- EDFA Operation
- RAMAN Advantages
- Impact of key transmission impairments on DWDM System Design (Channel Spacing, Reach Limitations, Amplifier Planning)
- Coherent DWDM
- Coherent Modulation Formats (QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM) and Reach Considerations
- ROADM and its uses
- ROADM Features (Colorless, Directionless, Contentionless, FlexGrid)
- DWDM System Design
- Optical Link Budget Calculation
- OSNR Fundamentals and Estimation
- Span Design (Amplifier Placement, Span Loss Limits)
- Power Management (Launch Power, Gain Equalization)
- Design Trade-offs (Reach v.s. Capacity, Cost v.s. Performance)
- ITU Fiber Standards for WDM
- DWDM Components
- OTN Metro and Long-Haul Applications
- Comparing OTN and SDH
- OTN Standards
- OTN Multiplexing Hierarchy
- ODU0, ODU1, ODU2, etc.
- OTN Structure
- OTN in Metro Network
- OTN in Long Haul Network
- Layer 2 and Layer 2.5 Technologies
- TDM Migration
- Carrier Ethernet
- MPLS-TP
- L2 OAM
- Resilience in L2
- Quality of Service
- Case Studies
- Operations and Troubleshooting of Optical Networks
- Basic Tools for Optical Networks
- Optical Fiber Cleaning and Repairing Tools
- Optical Signal Measurements
- Optical Spectrum Analyzer
- L2 Measurements
- Troubleshooting Best Practices
- NMS and NOC
- Applications for Data Centers
- DCI Design Considerations
- High-capacity Wavelengths (100G/400G)
- Latency Considerations
Note: A Certificate of Completion will only be issued upon achieving at least 75% attendance for the course.
Pre-requisites
Participants should have a working knowledge of optical fiber and DWDM technologies.
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