GPON Advanced Design, Planning and Dimensioning

1. Optical Fiber Fundamentals

• Transmission
• Types of Transmission Media
• Construction of Optical Fiber
• Optical Fiber Communication Model (LED, Laser Diode, Receiver)
• Electromagnetic Spectrum and Optical Region
• Properties of Fiber
• Attenuation Vs Wavelength
• Propagation of Light in Fiber
• Singlemode Vs Multimode Fiber
• Impairments in Fiber
• ITU Standards: G.652, G.655, G.657
• Optical Fiber Attributes
• Types of Fiber
• Macro Bends and Microbends
• Dispersion and its Types
• Optical Fiber Connectors

2. FTTX Concepts

• FTTX Vs PON
• Limitations of Copper-based network and maximizing the usage of legacy network
• PON ITU Standards
• FTTX and its Flavors
• Applications of PON: Triple Play Services
• Working of GPON Technology
• Concentrated Vs Distributed Splitter Design
• Construction of Optical Splitters
• Losses in Optical Splitters
• Advancement in PON Standards
• Role of PON in 5G Mobile Backhaul
• Coexistence of Various PON Technologies in the Same Network
• PON SFPs and Their Types
• Evaluate trade-offs between CapEx, OpEx, and performance in GPON deployment
• Incorporate redundancy and future-proofing into GPON designs for long-term sustainability

3. OSP Deployment

• Planning Guidelines
• Deployment Techniques
• Direct Buried
• Ducted Cables
• Cable Laying and Pulling
• Manholes and Handholes
• Splicing Enclosures and Joint Boxes
• Aerial Cable
• Micro ducts
• Best Practices for Cable Installation
• Backhauling of GPON Traffic

4. PON Designing and Dimensioning

• Greenfield Vs Brownfield
• P2P Vs PMP
• Aerial Vs Underground
• Active Ethernet Vs PON
• Symmetrical Vs Asymmetrical Splitters
• Urban Vs Rural Design
• Centralized Vs Cascaded Design
• Design Considerations
• Selection of Splitters (1×2, 1×4, 1×8, 1×16, 1×32, 1×64, 1×128)
• Protection Splitters (2×2, 2×4, 2×8, etc)
• Fiber Reuse
• FTTH Network – Design and Implementation
• GPON Design Software – Key Features
• Design Considerations for FTTN, FFTA, FTTB

5. FTTX Tools and Testing – Hands On

• Troubles and Issues in PON Networks
• Test Instruments for FTTX
• Optical Fiber Connectors
• Fiber Connector Cleaning Kit
• Specialized Test Instruments
• Mechanical Vs Fusion Splicing
• Fusion Splicing Steps and Usage of Tools
• OLS and OPM – Demo and Hands-on Practice
• OTDR – Demo and Hands-on Practice

6. GPON Design Examples

• Key Components
• FDH, FDT, LCP, NAP, etc.
• EPON vs GPON OLT
• ONT Types and Typical Ports
• Bandwidth Requirements
• Cabling in Multi-Story Buildings
• Schematic Diagram for FTTB
• FTTX Design on Google Maps – Hands On
• Creating New Map and Adding Components
• Adding OLT, FDH, NAP
• Adding Feeder, Distribution and Drop Cables in Google Maps
• Practical Exercises

7. GPON Power Design and Evolution

• Architecture of Optical Access Network
• Power Budget Requirements
• GPON Laser Classes (A, B, B+, C+, C++)
• Typical Losses in Splices, Connectors and Fiber
• Typical Transmit Power and Receive Sensitivity
• Measuring Losses After Installation
• Downstream Budget Vs Upstream Budget
• PON Protection Schemes: Type A, Type B, Type C
• Usage of 50G PON in 5G and Wi-Fi 7
• Life Cycles of GPON, 10G-GPON, 50G-GPON
• Wavelengths and Data Rates in Various PON Technologies
• Evolution of PON Standards

8. GPON Advanced Concepts – OLT and ONT Functions

• OSI 7 Layer Model
• GPON Layering
• GPON Encapsulation Method (GEM)
• Ethernet Over GEM
• GPON Vs EPON Layers
• Downstream and Upstream Traffic in GPON and EPON
• EPON Control Messages: IEEE 802.3ah
• IEEE 802.3 Features
• GPON Control Messages
• GPON Transmission Convergence (GTC) Frames
• Downstream Packet Analysis
• Upstream Packet Analysis
• OLT Functional Block (Service Shell, Cross-Connect Shell, PON Core Shell)
• ONT Functional Blocks (PON Core Shell, Service Shell)
• Other Techniques
• Network Protection Modes
• VLANs and GEM Ports
• 1:1 and N:1 VLANs
• Securing GPON Against Cyber Threats

9. GPON Equipment – Examples

• Major Vendors
• OLT Features
• Variety of PON Ports (GPON, XG(S)-PON, P2P FE/GE, 10GE
• Types of ONTs (ONU, MDU, SFU)
• Variety of ONT Ports (Ethernet FE/GE, POTS, VoIP, Wifi, etc)
• Splitters and Fiber Distribution Hub (FDH)
• Optical Distribution Frames, Patch Panels (ODF)
• Layer 2 Features (MAC Address Learning, Filtering, STP, VLANs)
• Layer 3 Features (Static Routing, Dynamic Routing, Routing Protocols, RIP, OSPF, Radius, TACACS+, ACL, IPv4, IPv6
• OSP Network
• Feeder, Distribution and Access Cables

10. Quality of Service

• QoS Mechanisms in GPON
• Packet Loss and Frame Delay
• CIR, CBS, EIR, EBS
• QoS Techniques
• Packet Classification
• Congestion Management
• Congestion Avoidance
• Prioritizing Traffic
• Network Traffic Trends for Data, Video, Voice
• Queuing Algorithms
• QoS Models

11. QGIS Software Tutorial – Hands On

• Downloading Official Version of QGIS
• Installing Software
• Launching QGIS
• Installing Necessary Plugins
• Creating a New Project
• Adding Base Maps
• Concept of Layers
• Working with Shapefiles
• Vector Vs Raster
• Mercator Projection
• Coordinate Reference System (CRS)
• Easting/Northing Vs Latitudes/Longitudes
• Cartography and Map Layout
• Data Import and Export
• Open Buildings – Downloading Buildings Data
• Working with Polygons, Line strings and Point Data
• Importing/Exporting Google Earth File in QGIS

12. QGIS Hands-on Design Workshop

• Design Parameters
• Select Coverage Area via Polygon
• Download Buildings Data
• Placement of OLT
• Placement of FDH with Splitters
• Adding NAPs
• Creating FDH Ring (Feeder Cable)
• Connecting FDH with NAPs (Distribution Cable)
• Connecting NAPs with Houses (Drop Cables)
• Attributes Table
• Adding Length Field
• Adding Units (km)
• Displaying Summary Statistics
• Showing Labels
• Merging Layers and Shapefiles
• Design Examples

Note: A Certificate of Completion will only be issued upon achieving at least 75% attendance for the course.