5-day instructor-led with Practical Exercises

After successful completion of this course, attendees should be able to:

• Understand SONET/SDH Technology, Transmission hierarchy, Architecture and Service
• Understand comprehensive technical details in SONET/SDH and DWDM
• Learn the architecture that identify the building blocks that constitute SDH and DWDM Networks
• Understand Digital Signal Synchronization and SONET/SDH Network Elements
• Understand Protection Switching, Cross-Connects and Digital Loop Carrier

Synchronous optical networking (SONET) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH), are two closely related multiplexing protocols for transferring multiple digital bit streams over the same optical fiber. This course provides an overview of the SONET/SDH and /DWDM networking elements, and their technologies. Optical networks are a key contributor to the rapid expansion of telecommunications services now underway. It provides you with a comprehensive business and technical foundation in optical networks, services and applications development.

SONET/SDH systems allow much greater network flexibility and management over existing optical systems. The study of SONET/SDH is therefore important for all involved with telecommunication and information technology. This course will give a core knowedge on the issues on when designing an access circuit, troubleshooting the network, or facing a customer and addressing their concerns on reliability. It provides the knowledge useful for those who in their everyday work, operate, maintain and supervise the SDH/DWDM network, and also for those who will be doing it.

Good understanding of basic communications principles.

Strategic or technical managers, consultants, communications professionals, IT professionals, system engineers, marketing and sales professional and others who plan on using, evaluating, designing or working with SONET/SDH, DWDM and optical networks.

• Multiplexing
• FDM
• TDM
• Sampling
• Quantization
• T1/E1 Frame Structure

• PDH
• Standard Bit Rates
• Disadvantages in PDH
• Why SDH
• Characteristics of SDH
• Synchronization
• Advantages of SDH
• Disdvantages of SDH

• Bit Rate Calculations
• Path
• Regenrator Section and Multiplex Section
• Frame Structure
• Multiplexing Structure
• VC-4
• VC-3
• VC-12

• Classification of Overhead
• Section Overhead
• Functions
• SOH
• Path overhead
• Classification
• Higher Order Path Overhead
• Lower Order Path Overhead

• Pointers
• Floating VC-4
• Administrative Unit Pointer
• Negative Justification
• Positive Justification
• AU-PTR Structure
• TU-PTR

• Logical Composition
• Comon Network Elements
• TM, Reg
• ADM
• DXC
• Logical Function Blocks
• Network Topology - Chain, Star, Ring, Mesh
• Functions and Features
• Network Protection
• Linear Protection
• MSP, SNCP
• Synchronization
• Automatic Protection Switching
• Major Vendors
• Sample Pictures

• Survivable Networks
• Classification of Protection Mechanisms
• 1+1, 1:N Protection
• Path Protection
• Ring Protection
• K1K2 Bytes
• 2-Fiber Bidirectional Ring
• SNCP
• Comparison of Various Protection Schemes

• Definitions
• Digital Hierarchy
• Bit Rates
• Differences
• SONET Hierarchy
• STS-1 Frame
• Terminology

• Definition
• Synch Modes
• Master Clock, Slave Clock
• PRC, SSU, SEC
• Types of SDH Clock Sources
• SSM and S1 Byte
• Clock Automatic Protection
• Timing Loops
• Clock ID

• Optimization of Transport for Data
• Packet Over SONET/SDH
• TDMoIP, GFP, VCAT, LCAS
• Bandwidth Granularity
• ASON
• Multi Service Platforms

• Traffic Matrix
• Working/Protection
• Ring Traffic
• Add/Drop Calculations
• Traffic Assignment

• Introduction
• Core, Cladding, Coating
• Advantages
• Applications
• Single-Mode, Multi-Mode
• Transmission of Light
• Manufacture
• Testing, Laying, Tools

• Advantages and Disadvantages
• Optical Devices
• Light Sources
• Light Detectors
• Fiber Types
• Losses
• WDM and DWDM
• Optical Spectrum
• Amplifiers

• Why DWDM
• Snell's Law
• Fiber Characteristics
• Amplification
• EDFA, WDM, CWDM, DWDM, Ultra DWDM
• ITU Grid
• Channel Spacing
• Passive Components
• Optical Amplifier
• OADM, ROADM
• Effects of Data Rates
• Dispersion
• Eye Diagram
• Engineering Rules
• Network Architectures
• Various Topologies

• Terminology
• BER
• Optical Budget
• Transmission Effects
• Propagation in Fiber
• Types of Dispersion - Chromatic Dispersion, Polarization Dispersion, Dispersion Compensation
• Types of Single-Mode Fiber
• DSF, NZDSF
• ITU G.652, G.655
• Optical Bands
• DWDM Components
• Network Architecture
• Transponders
• OSNR
• Mux, Demux
• Protection

• Power Budget
• Losses
• Calculations
• Dispersion

• Power Meter
• Light Source
• OTDR
• Wavelength Meter

• SDH and DWDM Tests
• Receiver Sensitivity
• Transmit Power
• ALS
• Insertion Loss
• 24-Hour BER Test
• Protection Switching